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LITERATURA

  1. Harrison D D, Harrison S O, Croft A C, Harrison D E, Troyanovich S J: Sitting biomechanics, part 1: Review of the literature / Sitting biomechanics, part 2: Optimal car driver’s seat and optimal driver’s spinal model. JMPT 22, 1999: 594-609 / 23, 2000: 37-47.
  2. Pynt J, Higgs J, Mackey M: Seeking the optimal posture of the seated lumbar spine. Physio Theory & Practice 17, 2001: 5-21.
  3. Pynt J, Higgs J, Mackey M: Historical perspective. Milestones in eth evolution of lumbar spinal postural health in seating. Spine 27, 2002: 2180-2189.
  4. Williams M M, Hawley J A, McKenzie R A, Van Wijmen P M: A comparison of the effects of two sitting postures on back and referred pain. Spine 16(10), 1991: 1185-1191.
  1. Abdulwahab S S, Sabbahi M: Neck retractions, cervical root decompression, and radicular pain. JOSPT 30(1), 2000: 4-12.
  2. Berquam, J, Kelly C, Grubb S: Can referred pain below the knee be of discal origin? in 11th Annual International Intradiscal Therapy Society Meeting. San Antonio, TX, USA, 1998.
  3. Derby R, O'Neill C W, Berquam J A, Vaughan P: Mechanisms of leg pain in patients with intervertebral disc disorders. (Abstract)
  4. George S: Characteristics of patients with lower extremity symptoms treated with slump stretching: a case series. JOSPT 32, 2002: 391-398.
  5. Milette P C, Fontaine S, Lepanto L, Breton G: Radiating pain to the lower extremities caused by lumbar disk rupture without spinal nerve root involvement. AJNR 16, September 1995:1605-1613.
  6. Morris C E: Chiropractic rehabilitation of a patient with SI radiculopathy associated with a large lumbar disk herniation. JMPT 22(1), 1999: 38-44.
  7. Ohnmeiss D D, Vanharanta H, Ekholm J: Degree of disc disruption and lower extremity pain. Spine 22(14), 1997: 1600-1605.
  8. O’Neill C W, Kurgansky M E, Derby R, Ryan D P: Disc stimulation and patterns of referred pain. Spine 27(24), 2002: 2776-2781.
  1. Bogduk N, Lord S M: Commentary re: A prospective study of centralization of lumbar and referred pain: a predictor of symptomatic discs and anular competency. The Pain Medicine Journal Club Journal, 3(5), 1997:. 246-248.
  2. Donelson R: Letter to the Editor: The reliability of centralized pain response. Arch Phys Med Rehab 81, July 2000: 999–1000. In reference to the study by Fritz J, et al: Interrater reliability of judgments of the centralization phenomenon… Arch Phys Med Rehab 81, January 2000: 57-61.
  3. Donelson R, Silva G, Murphy K: Centralization phenomenon: its usefulness in evaluating and treating referred pain. Spine 15(3), 1990: 211-213.
  4. Donelson R, Aprill C, Medcalf R, Grant W: A prospective study of centralization of lumbar and referred pain: a predictor of symptomatic discs and anular competence. Spine 22(10), 1997: 1115-1122.
  5. Fritz J M, Delitto A, Vignovic M, Busse R G: Interrater reliability of judgments of the centralization phenomenon and status change during movement testing in patients with low back pain. Arch Phys Med Rehab 81, January 2000: 57-61.
  6. Karas R, McIntosh G, Hall H, Wilson L, Melles T: The relationship between nonorganic signs and centralization of symptoms in the prediction of return to work for patients with low back pain. Physical Therapy 77(4), 1997: 354-360.
  7. Lisi A J: The centralization phenomenon in chiropractic spinal manipulation of discogenic low back pain and sciatica. JMPT 24(9), 2001: 596-602.
  8. Long A L: The centralization phenomenon: its usefulness as a predictor of outcome in conservative treatment of chronic low back pain (a pilot study). Spine 20(23), 1995: 2513-2521.
  9. Medcalf R, Aprill C A, Donelson R G, Grant W A, Incorvaia K: Discographic outcomes predicted by pain centralisation and ”directional preference”: a prospective, blinded study. Presented at annual meeting of the North American Spine Society, Washington, D.C., October 1995.
  10. Sufka A, et al: Centralization of low back pain and perceived functional outcome. JOSPT 27(3), 1998: 205-212.
  11. Werneke M, Hart D L: Centralization phenomenon as a prognostic factor for chronic low back pain and disability. Spine 26(7), 2001: 758-765.
  12. Werneke M, Hart D L, Cook D: A descriptive study of the centralization phenomenon: a prospective analysis. Spine 24(7), 1999: 676-683.
  13. Battie M C, Cherkin D C, Dunn R, Clol M A, Wheeler K J: Managing low back pain: attitudes and treatment preferences of physical therapists. Physical Therapy 74(3), 1994: 219-226.
  14. Bogduk N, Lord S M: Commentary re: A prospective study of centralization of lumbar and referred pain: a predictor of symptomatic discs and anular competency. The Pain Medicine Journal Club Journal, 3(5), 1997:. 246-248.
  1. Donahue M S, Riddle D L, Sullivan M S: Intertester reliability of a modified version of McKenzie’s lateral shift assessments obtained on patients with low back pain. Physical Therapy 76(7), 1996: 706-716.
  2. Ross J: Management of the lateral shift of the lumbar spine. Manual Therapy 3, 1998: 62-66.
  3. Tenhula J A, Rose S J, Delitto A: Association between direction of lateral shift, movement tests, and side of symptoms in patients with low back pain syndrome. Physical Therapy 70, 1990: 480-486.
  1. Cherkin D, Deyo R, Battie M, Street J, Barlow W: A randomised trial comparing chiropractic manipulation, McKenzie therapy. and an educational booklet for low back pain. In: FCER, ed. 1996 International Conference on Spinal Manipulation. Bournemouth, England: Foundation for Chiropractic Research and Education, 1996: 103-104.
  2. Delaney P M, Fernandez C E: Toward an evidence-based model for chiropractic education and practice. J Manip & Physio Ther 22, 1999: 114-118.
  3. Jull G, Trott P, Potter H et al: A randomized controlled trial of exercise and manipulative therapy for cervicogenic headache. Spine 27, 2002: 1835-1843.
  4. Laslett M: Use of manipulative therapy for mechanical pain of spinal origin. Ortho Rev 16(8), 1987: 65-73.
  5. McKenzie R A: perspective on manipulative therapy. Physiotherapy 75(8), 1989: 440-444.
  6. McKinney L A: Early mobilisation and outcome in acute sprains of the neck. BMJ 299, 1989: 1006-1008.
  7. Delitto A, Cibulka M T, Erhard R E, Bowling R W, Tenhula J A: Evidence for use of an extension-mobilization category in acute low back syndrome: a prescriptive validation pilot study. Physical Therapy 73(4), 1993: 216-222.
  1. Beattie P, et al: Effect of lordosis on the position of the nucleus pulposus in supine subjects; a study using magnetic resonance imaging. Spine 19(18), 1994: 2096-2102.
  2. Fennell A J, Jones A P, Hukins D W L: Migration of the nucleus pulposus within the intervertebral disc during flexion and extension of the spine. Spine 21(23), 1996: 2753-2757.
  3. Kopp J R, Alexander A H, Turocy R H, Levrini M G, Lichtman D M: The use of lumbar extension in the evaluation and treatment of patients with acute herniated nucleus pulposus; a preliminary report. Clinical Orthopaedics 202, January 1986: 211-218.
  4. Stankovic R, Johnell O, Maly P, Willner S: Use of lumbar extension, slump test, physical and neurological examination in the evaluation of patients with suspected herniated nucleus pulposus. A prospective clinical study. Manual Therapy 4, 1999: 25-32.
  1. Danish Institute for Health Technology Assessment: Low-back pain; frequency, management and prevention from an HTA perspective. DIHTA, Copenhagen, 1999.
  2. Delaney P M, Hubka M J: The diagnostic utility of McKenzie assessment for discogenic lower back pain, in press, Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics, 1999.
  3. Donelson R G, McKenzie R: Mechanical assessment and treatment of spinal pain. In: The adult spine: principles and practice. Editor-in-chief J W Frymoyer. Raven Press, New York, 1991, Vol. Two, Chapter 76:1627-1639.
  4. Fredrickson B, Murphy K, Donelson R, Yuan H: McKenzie treatment of low back pain: a correlation of significant factors in determining prognosis (Abstract). Annual meeting ISSLS, Dallas, Texas, USA,1986.
  5. Kilby J, Stigant M, Roberts A: The reliability of back pain assessment by physiotherapists, using a McKenzie algorithm. Physiotherapy 76(9), 1990: 579-583.
  6. Kilpikoski S, et al: Interexaminer reliability of low back pain assessment using the McKenzie method. Spine 27(8), 2002: E207-214.
  7. O’Neill C W, Kurgansky M E, Derby R, Ryan D P: Disc stimulation and patterns of referred pain. Spine 27(24), 2002: 2776-2781.
  8. Wetzel F T, Donelson R: The role of repeated end-range/pain response assessment in the management of symptomatic lumbar discs. The Spine Journal 3, 2003: 146-154.
  1. Alexander A H, Jones A M, Rosenbaum Jr. D H: Nonoperative management of herniated nucleus pulposus: patient selection by the extension sign – long-term follow-up. Orthopedic Review 21(2), 1992: 181-188.
  2. Al-Obaidi S, Anthony J, Dean E, Al-Shuwai N: Cardiovascular responses to repetitive McKenzie lumbar spine exercises. Physical Therapy 81(9), 2001: 1524-1533.
  3. Borrows J, Herbison P: ACC chronic backs study. Report of the evaluation of four treatment programmes. Final report 12 December 1994. Accident Rehabilitation and Compensation Insurance Corporation (ACC), New Zealand, 1995.
  4. Cherkin D, Deyo R, Battie M, Street J, Barlow W: A randomised trial comparing chiropractic manipulation, McKenzie therapy. and an educational booklet for low back pain. In: FCER, ed. 1996 International Conference on Spinal Manipulation. Bournemouth, England: Foundation for Chiropractic Research and Education1996: 103-104.
  5. Danish Institute for Health Technology Assessment: Low-back pain; frequency, management and prevention from an HTA perspective. DIHTA, Copenhagen, 1999.
  6. Delaney P M, Hubka M J: The diagnostic utility of McKenzie assessment for discogenic lower back pain, in press, Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics, 1999.
  7. Delitto A, Cibulka M T, Erhard R E, Bowling R W, Tenhula J A: Evidence for use of an extension-mobilization category in acute low back syndrome: a prescriptive validation pilot study. Physical Therapy 73(4), 1993: 216-222.
  8. Dettori J R, Bullock S H, Sutlive T G, Franklin R J, Patience T: The effects of spinal flexion and extension exercises and their associated postures in patients with acute low back pain. Spine 20(21), 1995: 2303-2312.
  9. Di Fabio R P: Expertise on trial. JOSPT 30(7), 2000: 366-367.
  10. DiMaggio A, Mooney V: Conservative care for low back pain: what works? Journal Musculoskel Med 4(9), 1987: 27-34.
  11. DiMaggio A, Mooney V: The McKenzie program: exercise effective against back pain. Journal Musculoskel Med 4(12), 1987: 63-74.
  12. Donelson R, Plante D, Likosky D S, Orgren R, Lindstrom U: The low back pain experience: a natural history survey. (Abstract). Presented at McKenzie North American Conference, Orlando, 2000.
  13. Donelson R: The McKenzie approach to evaluating and treating low back pain. Orthopaedic Review, XIX(8), 1990: 681-686.
  14. Donelson R G: Identifying appropriate exercises for your low back pain patient. J Musculoskel Med, 8(12), 1991: 14-29.
  15. Donelson R, McKenzie R: Letter to the Editor, Spine 17(10),1992: 1267-1268. In reference to the study by Elnaggar I M, et al: Effects of spinal flexion and extension exercises on low-back pain … Spine 16(8), 1991: 967-972.
  16. Donelson R, May S, McKenzie R: Letters to the Editor, Spine 26(16), 2001: 1827-1831. In reference to the study by van Tulder M, et al: Exercise therapy for low back pain. Spine 25(21), 2000: 2784-2796.
  17. Donelson R: McKenzie methods of care for mechanical low back pain : Part 1 Mechanical assessment and classification. Revue de Medicine Orthopedique, 2000. 60: 4-10.
  18. Donelson R: McKenzie methods of care for mechanical low back pain : Part 2 Assessment reliability, diagnostic power, and treatment outcomes. Revue de Medecine Orthopedique, 2000. 60: 11-7.
  19. Elnaggar I M, Nordin M, Sheikhzadeh A, Parnianpour M, Kahanovitz N: Effects of spinal flexion and extension 1991: 967-972exercises on low-back pain and spinal mobility in chronic mechanical low-back pain patients. Spine 16(8),
  20. Erhard R E, Delitto A, Cibulka M T: Relative effectiveness of an extension program and a combined program of manipulation and flexion and extension exercises in patients with acute low back pain syndrome. Physical Therapy 74(12), 1994: 1093-1100.
  21. Fast A: Low back disorders: conservative management. Arch Phys Med Rehab 69, October 1988: 880-891.
  22. Gard G, Gille K A, Degerfeldt L: McKenzie method and functional training in back pain rehabilitation. A brief review including results from a four-week rehabilitation programme. Physical Therapy Reviews 5, 2000: 107-115.
  23. Grant R N, McKenzie R A: Mechanical diagnosis and therapy for the cervical and thoracic spines. In: Physical therapy of the cervical and thoracic spine, 2nd ed. Ed: Ruth Grant, Churchill Livingstone, 1994.
  24. Holdom A: The use of the McKenzie approach to treat back pain. British Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 3(1), 1996: 7-10.
  25. Jacob G: The McKenzie protocol and the demands of rehabilitation. California Chiropractic Association Journal 16(10), 1991: 29, 38.
  26. Jacob G: Specific application of movement and positioning techniques to the lumbar spine, considering theoretical formulation and therapeutic application. Today’s Chiropractic, Part I: 18(6); Part II: 19(1), 1989-90.
  27. Kay M A, Helewa A: The effects of Maitland and McKenzie techniques in the musculoskeletal management of low back pain: a pilot study. (Abstract) Physical Therapy 74(5), (Suppl),1994: 559.
  28. Kilby J, Stigant M, Roberts A: The reliability of back pain assessment by physiotherapists, using a McKenzie algorithm. Physiotherapy 76(9), 1990: 579-583.
  29. Kilpikoski S, et al: Interexaminer reliability of low back pain assessment using the McKenzie method. Spine 27(8), 2002: E207-214.
  30. Kjellman G, Oberg B: A randomised clinical trial comparing general exercise, McKenzie treatment and a control group in patients with neck pain. J Rehabil Med 34, 2002: 183-190.
  31. Kodish B I: Understanding and treating back and neck pain: the McKenzie method of evaluation and treatment. Modified from an article first published NASTAT News, 13, Autumn 1991, North American Society of the Alexander Technique.
  32. Koes B W, van Tulder M W, Ostelo R, Burton A K, Waddell G: Clinical guidelines for the management of low back pain in primary care; an international comparison. Spine 26(22), 2001: 2504-2514.
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  34. Laslett M, Michaelsen D J: A survey of patients suffering mechanical low back pain syndrome or sciatica treated with the ”McKenzie method”. NZ J Physiotherapy 19(2), 1991: 24-32.
  35. Levine D: Review [of] The human extremities: mechanical diagnosis and therapy. R. McKenzie, S. May. Physical Therapy 81(9), 2001: 1597-1598.
  36. A McKenzie R: Prophylaxis in recurrent low back pain. NZ Med J 89(627), 1979: 22-23.
  37. McKenzie R A: Treat your own back. 5th ed. Spinal Publications, Waikanae, NZ, 1997.
  38. McKenzie R A: Treat your own neck. Spinal Publications, Waikanae, NZ, 1990.
  39. McKenzie R A: The lumbar spine: mechanical diagnosis and therapy. First ed. Spinal Publications, Waikanae, NZ, 1981.
  40. McKenzie R A: Mechanical diagnosis and therapy for low back pain: toward a better understanding. In:. Physical therapy of the low back. Ed LT Twomey and JR Taylor. Churchill Livingstone, 1987: 157-173.
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  42. McKenzie R A: The cervical and thoracic spine: mechanical diagnosis and therapy. First ed. Spinal Publications, Waikanae, NZ, 1990.
  43. McKenzie R A: Mechanical diagnosis and therapy for low back pain: toward a better understanding. In: The lumbar spine. ISSLS. W B Saunders, Philadelphia, 1990, Chapter 16: 792-805.
  44. McKenzie R A: Physical therapy perspective on acute spinal disorders. In: Contemporary conservative care for painful spinal disorders: concepts, diagnosis and treatment. Ed TG Mayer, V Mooney, RJ Gatchel, PA Malvern. Lea & Febiger, 1991: 211-220.
  45. McKenzie R A: Mechanical diagnosis and therapy for disorders of the lower back. In: Therapy of the low back. 2nd ed. Ed LT Twomey and JR Taylor. Churchill Livingstone, 1994.
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  51. Nwuga G, Nwuga V: Relative therapeutic efficacy of the Williams and McKenzie protocols in back pain management. Physiotherapy Practice 1, 1985: 99-105.
  52. Owen J E, Orpen N, Ayris K, Birch N C: Very early McKenzie protocol intervention for back pain in hospital workers. (Abstract) JBJS 82B.Supp III, 2000: 212.
  53. Petersen T, Thorsen H, Manniche C, Ekdahl C: Classification of non-specific low back pain; a review of the literature on classification systems relevant to physiotherapy. Physical Therapy Reviews 4:265-281,1999.
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  55. Pinnington M A, Miller J S, Rose M J, Stanley I M, Rose G M: New episodes of back pain: how many patients can be classified into McKenzie syndromes? (Abstract) JBJS 82B.Supp III, 2000: 211-212.
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  57. Rath W W, Rath J N D, Duffy C G: A comparison of pain location and duration with treatment outcome and frequency. Presented at First International McKenzie Conference, Newport Beach, CA, USA, July 1989.
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  65. Stankovic R, Johnell O, Maly P, Willner S: Use of lumbar extension, slump test, physical and neurological examination in the evaluation of patients with suspected herniated nucleus pulposus. A prospective clinical study. Manual Therapy 4, 1999: 25-32.
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  1. Adams M A, May S, Freeman, B J C, Morrison H P, Dolan P: Effects of backward bending on lumbar intervertebral discs - relevance to physical therapy treatment for low back pain. Spine 25(4), 2000: 431-438.
  2. Huijbregts P A: Fact and fiction of disc reduction: a literature review. J Manual & Manip Ther 6(3), 1998:137-143.
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  1. Baker K G, Robertson V J, Duck F A: A review of therapeutic ultrasound: biophysical effects. Physical Therapy. 81(7), 2001: 1351-1358.
  2. Robertson V J, Baker K G: A review of therapeutic ultrasound: effectiveness studies. Physical Therapy 81(7), 2001: 1339-1350
  1. Lentell G, Kruse M, Chock B, Wilson K, Iwamoto M, Martin R: Dimensions of the cervical neural foramina in resting and retracted positions using magnetic resonance imaging. JOSPT 32, 2002: 380-390.
  2. Ordway N R, Seymour R J, Donelson R G, Hojnowski L S, Edwards W T: Cervical flexion, extension, protrusion, and retraction: a radiographic segmental analysis. Spine 24(3), 1999: 240-247.
  1. McKinney M B: Treatment of dislocations of the cervical vertebrae in so-called whiplash injuries. Altnagelvin Area Hospital, Londonderry, Northern Ireland. Orthopade 23(4), 1994: 287-290.
  2. Rosenfeld M, Gunnarsson R, Borenstein P: Early intervention in whiplash-associated disorders; a comparison of two treatment protocols. Spine 25(14), 2000: 1782-1787.
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  4. Scholten-Peeters G G M, et al: Clinical practice guideline for the physiotherapy of patients with whiplash-associated disorders. Spine 27(4), 2002: 412-422.
  1. Derby R, O'Neill C W, Berquam J A, Vaughan P: Mechanisms of leg pain in patients with intervertebral disc disorders. (Abstract)
  2. Edmondston S J, Song S, Bricknell R V, et al: MRI evaluation of lumbar spine flexion and extension in asymptomatic individuals. Manual Therapy 5(3), 2000: 158-164.